The political system of the Republic of Azerbaijan is characterized by the reflection of the peculiarities of national and historical conditions. Many different factors have played and continue to play a role in its formation and operation. The formation of the political system is significantly influenced by the peculiarities of the political culture of the population.
In general, the structure of the political system of the Republic of Azerbaijan was mainly formed on November 12, 1995 with the adoption of a new Constitution of the country. In accordance with the Constitution, the Azerbaijani state is defined as a democratic, legal, secular, unitary republic. The only source of state power in the Republic of Azerbaijan is the people. It is the sovereign right of the Azerbaijani people to freely and independently decide their fate and form their own form of government. In terms of the form of exercising state power in the political system, Azerbaijan corresponds to the parameters of a presidential republic.
In accordance with the principle of separation of powers, the Republic of Azerbaijan has three branches of government formed and operating independently: legislative, executive and judicial. The activities of each of these authorities are regulated by the Constitution and legislative acts.
The legislative body in the Republic of Azerbaijan is the Milli Majlis (Parliament), the President exercises executive power, and the judicial power is exercised by the courts of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
The unitary form of state structure of the Republic of Azerbaijan, determined by the Constitution, has specific features. This is due to the fact that Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, which is part of it, has the status of state power. According to the Constitution, Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is an autonomous state within the Republic of Azerbaijan. The legislative power is exercised by the Supreme Assembly of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, the executive power is exercised by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and the judicial power is exercised by the courts of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The highest official of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is the chairman of the Supreme Assembly. 
Municipalities, which are local self-government bodies, also play an important role in the political system of Azerbaijan. Despite the fact that this is a new institution, it has great prospects.
Like all modern political systems, the political system of Azerbaijan is characterized by a multi-party system and pluralism. Political parties have the opportunity to participate in the exercise of state power through representation in legislative bodies and local government bodies.